Composition and Structure of Refractory Materials for Industrial Furnace Lining
Although there are many types of industrial furnaces, in terms of basic structure, they mainly include three parts:
① Heating system: including equipment systems that provide various heat sources to the materials in the industrial furnace. Such as: energy medium pipelines and equipment systems, power transmission system transformer equipment, etc.
② Industrial furnace body: This is the basic structure of the industrial furnace. Generally includes frame support structure, furnace structure, material conveying system, etc.
③ Smoke exhaust system: mainly includes flue, chimney, heat exchanger, and smoke exhaust auxiliary equipment etc.
④ Other supporting equipment.
Design of Industrial Furnace Lining Structure
The basis for completing the furnace construction material to the furnace lining structure when designing the industrial furnace furnace lining structure is a key procedure for achieving the purpose of the equipment process. kiln brick lining. Here, we mainly introduce the furnace lining structure with refractory materials as the main material. During the design process of furnace lining, the following aspects are usually needed:
(1) Reasonable furnace size. This is determined by the production process served by industrial furnaces, and the furnace size is subject to process requirements and the overall design of the equipment. The furnace size is the basic condition for the industrial furnace production process. The rationality of the furnace lining size directly affects the production of the entire process.
(2) Stable structural form. Due to the special purpose of industrial furnaces, the furnace lining is generally heated on one side. When the furnace lining is in such extreme temperature difference environment for a long time, it may cause structural damage, stress deformation, or form a melting state on the hot surface, the furnace lining structure will be greatly tested. Therefore, the stability of the furnace lining structure is a key indicator of the furnace lining design.
Refractory brick masonry is composed of refractory bricks and refractory mud. kiln brick lining is the most traditional and widely used masonry structure in industrial furnace body structure. When constructing or building an industrial furnace body structure with refractory bricks, first of all, refractory bricks and refractory mud should be selected according to the design or original structural requirements. Then the masonry structure is constructed according to the design drawings. Generally, masonry with refractory bricks is mainly used in the walls, furnace tops, furnace bottoms and pipelines in industrial furnace body structures.
Amorphous Refractory Lining
The so-called amorphous refractory lining means that the main material that constitutes the furnace lining lining is an amorphous refractory material. These amorphous refractory materials mainly include: refractory castables, refractory plastics, refractory spray coatings, etc.
When refractory castable is the main material of the furnace body structure, it is used for working layers such as the side walls, furnace tops, pipeline linings and outer bandages of the furnace body structure. It is also used as an insulation layer between the working layer and the furnace steel structure (such as the furnace shell).
Refractory plastic: In theory, refractory plastic can replace the function of refractory bricks on the main structure of various industrial furnaces. However, in practical application, you still need to study the following issues before making a decision.
① Type and form of furnace: is it a smelting furnace, reactor or heating furnace;
② Furnace structure: furnace top, side wall or bottom; construction thickness, whether there is heat insulation material; height and load condition of the furnace wall, etc.;
③ Operation status of the furnace: furnace temperature and its changes, whether the operation method is continuous or intermittent, whether the heated material is solid or liquid or gas, impact load in the furnace, etc.;
④Economics and construction conditions, etc. In actual industrial furnace furnace structures, refractory plastics are most commonly used in the furnace roof and furnace wall parts of the furnace body.
Refractory spray coating: Because spraying tools have the advantages of being able to be at any angle, anywhere, and forming any geometric shape. Therefore, in the furnace lining design of industrial furnaces, a lining formed by spray coating is often used.
Since the characteristics of spray coatings are basically the same as those of castables, they are also similar to those of castables in structural form. Its application parts in industrial furnace bodies include furnace walls, furnace tops, pipeline lining walls, thermal insulation layers, etc. In order to stabilize the structure of the spray coating lining, different forms of metal anchors or anchor bricks are usually provided in the lining according to specific structural requirements.
Refractory Ceramic Fiber Lining
Refractory ceramic fibers are loose as a semi-finished raw material and can be processed into finished products such as fiber blankets, fiber ropes, fiber paper, fiber boards, fiber fast-tipping (folding modules or laminated modules). After adding the binder, it can be used as a fiber spray coating or fiber castable. Ceramic fibers can be used directly in a loose shape. However, when it exists as a lining, ceramic fibers are often processed into blankets, plates, or blocks for use.
Therefore, in the lining of existing industrial kilns, it is essentially determined that refractory materials must be used to protect the melting changes of the shell. Based on the actual working conditions of each industrial kiln, a mixed body structure of a variety of refractory materials is generally used to extend the life of the furnace lining and save production costs for enterprises.
